PD-L1基因敲除小鼠构建及初步表型验证

目的 程序性死亡配体-1(PD-L1)是免疫调节途径的重要因子,是抗肿瘤免疫疗法中重要的靶标之一。利用CRISPR/Cas9技术成功构建PD-L1基因敲除小鼠模型,并初步分析其表型。方法 构建Cas9和sgRNA载体,并转录获得RNA,通过显微注射方式将RNA注射到C57BL/6小鼠受精卵中,经过鉴定获得F₀代阳性小鼠。F₀代小鼠与野生型C57BL/6小鼠交配获得F₁代杂合子小鼠,再通过F₁代小鼠自交获得F₂代纯合子小鼠品系。随后通过Real-Time PCR和流式实验分别检测PD-L1基因在mRNA和蛋白质水平上的表达情况。结果 Real-Time PCR和流式实验检测结果显示与野生型C57小鼠相比,PD-L1纯合子小鼠的PD-L1 mRNA相对表达水平和细胞上的蛋白质表达均有显著性下降,仅测定到本底的信号,证实已成功构建PD-L1基因敲除小鼠品系,为PD-L1体内基因功能研究提供了新的小鼠模型。     

蝉棒束孢菌子实体对大鼠肾小管上皮细胞的影响

对蝉棒束孢菌子实体（0.75g/kg）重复灌胃SD雄性大鼠90d及恢复28d的早期肾损伤生物标记物肾损伤分子-1（KIM-1）和中性粒细胞明胶酶相关载脂蛋白（NGAL）进行测定,评估蝉棒束孢菌子实体对肾小管上皮细胞的影响;研究不同剂量蝉棒束孢菌子实体（0.25g/kg、0.5g/kg、1.0g/kg）对肾小管上皮细胞增殖和增生能力的影响。给药30、60、90d及恢复28d时,SD大鼠血清中KIM-1浓度与对照组相比均无显著差异（P>0.05）,给药30d、60d时,SD大鼠血清中NGAL浓度与对照组相比均无显著差异（P>0.05）,给药90d及恢复28d时,SD大鼠血清中NGAL浓度低于对照组（P<0.05）,且给药90d组与对照组相比有显著性差异（P<0.01）;免疫组化检测增殖细胞核抗原法（PCNA）及四甲基偶氮唑盐微量酶反应比色法（MTT）表明：与对照组相比,蝉棒束孢菌子实体能使肾小管上皮细胞增生能力增强,未导致肾小管上皮细胞凋亡。     

嗜热革节孢多糖单加氧酶氧化方式

多糖单加氧酶(polysaccharidemonooxygenase,PMO)是一种铜离子依赖的氧化酶,属于辅助活性酶类第九家族(auxiliary activity 9,AA9),在存在电子供体维生素C(vitamin C,Vc)的情况下,可以氧化裂解纤维素的多糖链,显著提高纤维素的酶解效率。本文克隆了嗜热革节孢Scytalidium thermophilumAA9家族的一个编码基因pmo7651,并在毕赤酵母GS115进行诱导表达,通过His标签获得了重组蛋白PMO7651-His。以磷酸膨胀纤维素(PASC)为底物进行酶促反应,薄层层析法(TLC)结果显示PMO7651酶解产物主要为纤维二糖至纤维五糖;飞行时间质谱法(MALDI-TOF-MS)和溴氧化法确定PMO7651具有C1、C4、C6位的氧化活性;底物结合平面的3个芳香族氨基酸位点突变对酶的活性具有不同程度的影响;在PMO7651帮助下,纤维素酶的降解效率均具有不同程度的提高。     

Effects and molecular mechanisms of AT1-AA in retinopathy of preeclampsia

Preeclampsia not only seriously endangers maternal and fetal health during pregnancy but may incur many sequelae in postpartum women such as reduced visual acuity.Agonistic autoantibodies to the angiotensin Ⅱ type Ⅰ receptor (AT1-AA) is closely associated with preeclampsia.The aim of the present study is to determine whether AT1-AA is associated with retinal impairment during the course of preeclampsia.A preeclampsia model was established by injecting AT1-AA into pregnant rats via the tail vein.Changes in the retinal histological structure were observed.Cell apoptosis and cytokines including reactive oxygen species (ROS),as well as apoptosis-related proteins such as Bcl-2,Bax,and caspase-3 were detected.In addition,flash electroretinograms obtained at different postpartum days were analyzed.Compared with the control group,the retinal structure became edematous and the cell density was reduced significantly in preeclampsia group.The cell apoptosis rate was increased significantly.In addition,the content of ROS,the levels of Bax and caspase-3 in the retina were increased,while the content of Bcl-2 was reduced significantly.Continuous observation of the electroretinograms showed loss of retinal ganglion cells postpartum.The present study demonstrated that AT1-AA induced retinal cell apoptosis by promoting ROS release and activating caspase,suggesting that the increased postpartum susceptibility of preeclamptic women to retinopathy is related to AT1-AA-induced cell apoptosis.     

A novel detection method of Cryptosporidium parvum infection in cattle based on Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1

Cryptosporidium parvum is an important zoonotic parasite that causes significant economic loss in the animal husbandry industry,especially the cattle industry.As there is no specific vaccine or drug against Cryptosporidium,a rapid and accurate method for the detection of C.parvum is of great significance.In this study,colloidal gold strips were developed based on Cryptosporidium parvum virus 1 (CSpV1) for the detection of C.parvum infection in cattle fecal samples.The colloidal gold solution was prepared by reducing trisodium citrate and the CSpV1 #5 monoclonal antibody was labeled with colloidal gold.A polyclonal antibody against the CSpV1 capsid protein and an anti-mouse IgG antibody were coated on the colloidal gold strips for use in the test and control lines,respectively.Our results showed that the detection sensitivity in fecal samples was up to a 1:64 dilution.There was no cross-reaction with Cryptosporidium andersoni or Giardia in the fecal samples.The different preservation conditions (room temperature,4℃,and 37℃) and preservation time (7,30,60,and 90 days) were analyzed.The data showed that the strips could be preserved for 90 days at 4℃ and for 60 days at room temperature or 37℃.The colloidal gold strips were used to detect the samples of 120 clinical fecal in Changchun,China.The results indicated that the rate of a positive test was 5%(6/120).This study provides a rapid and accurate method for detecting C.parvum infection in cattle and humans.     

Vitamin D enzymes (CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1) and receptor expression in non-melanoma skin cancer

The relationship between vitamin D metabolic enzymes (CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) in nonmelanoma skin cancer (NMSC) development and progression is not entirely clear. However, several clinical studies and in vitro reports indicate a connection between vitamin D metabolic key players and NMSCs by demonstrating inhibitory effects on tumor cells and positive effects in skin cancer prevention of higher circulatory 25-hydroxyvitamin D [1]. Vitamin D synthesis is mediated via mitochondrial cytochrome P450 family hydroxylase enzymatic reactions: anabolic and catabolic hydroxylases (CYP27A1, CYP27B1, and CYP24A1).     

长春西汀联合石杉碱甲片用于老年血管性痴呆症的疗效评价及对HIF-1α、Livin和VEGF水平的影响

目的:评价长春西汀联合石杉碱甲片用于老年血管性痴呆症的疗效及对缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、抗凋亡因子(Livin)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平的影响。方法:98例老年血管性痴呆症患者依据简单随机法分为对照组(n=51)和研究组(n=47),对照组采用长春西汀治疗,研究组在对照组基础上联合石杉碱甲片治疗,比较两组临床疗效,治疗前后简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)、哈金斯基(Hachiaski)缺血量表(HIS),HIF-1α、Livin和VEGF水平,血液流变学指标,以及药物不良反应发生情况。结果:治疗后,研究组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。治疗前,两组MMSE、HIS评分,HIF-1α、Livin和VEGF水平,血液流变学指标比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05);治疗后,两组MMSE、Livin和VEGF水平较治疗前显著上升,HIS评分、HIF-1α水平和血液流变学指标较治疗前显著下降,研究组以上指标变化更明显,差异均有统计学意义(均P0.05)。两组不良反应发生情况比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:长春西汀联合石杉碱甲片治疗老年血管性痴呆症的疗效显著,可明显改善患者认知功能,调节HIF-1α、Livin及VEGF水平。     

血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1对糖尿病合并冠心病患者的临床意义

目的:探讨血清胆红素、人类软骨糖蛋白-39(YKL-40)、高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB-1)对糖尿病合并冠心病患者的临床意义方法:选择2017年1月至2018年12月我院接诊的190例2型糖尿病患者,根据是否合并冠心病分为单纯糖尿病组121例和糖尿病合并冠心病组69例,并选择同期在我院接受体检的100例健康者作为对照组。比较三组临床生化指标、血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1及不同病变支数、不同病变程度糖尿病合并冠心病组血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1的表达。结果:三组空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);不同病变支数、病变程度糖尿病合并冠心病患者血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1比较差异均有统计学意义(P0.05);经两两Pearson线性相关性分析结果显示,血清胆红素和Gensini评分呈负相关(r=-0.812,P0.01),YKL-40、HMGB-和Gensini评分正相关(r=0.873、0.801,P0.01)。结论:在糖尿病合并冠心病患者中,血清胆红素的表达明显降低,YKL-40、HMGB-1明显升高,且随着冠脉病变程度的加重变化更明显,本研究也为后期血清胆红素、YKL-40、HMGB-1在该病的早期诊断、预防、治疗效果评价等方面提供了依据     

盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬对慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平及生活质量的影响

目的:探讨盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬对慢性牙周炎患者龈沟液肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)水平及生活质量的影响。方法:选取成都医学院第一附属医院于2016年3月至2018年3月期间收治的84例慢性牙周炎患者,按照数表法随机分为观察组(n=42)和对照组(n=42)。对照组患者予以盐酸米诺环素软膏治疗,观察组患者则在对照组的基础上联合布洛芬治疗,比较两组临床治疗总有效率,比较治疗前、后龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平,治疗前后菌斑指数(PLI)、牙龈指数(GI)水平,采用健康检查简表(SF-36)评价两组患者生活质量。结果:观察组临床治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组患者PLI、GI水平均明显低于对照组(P0.05)。治疗后观察组SF-36量表各维度评分均显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论:盐酸米诺环素软膏联合布洛芬治疗慢性牙周炎的疗效确切,且有效降低患者龈沟液TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-8水平,有利于牙周组织的重建和恢复,提高患者生活质量。     

早期非小细胞肺癌患者血清巨噬细胞抑制因子-1、趋化素与临床病理特征及预后的关系

目的:探讨早期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者血清巨噬细胞抑制因子-1(MIC-1)、趋化素(chemerin)水平与临床病理特征及预后的关系。方法:选择72例NSCLC患者(NSCLC组)、53例肺良性疾病患者(良性组)、50例体检健康人群(对照组),分别检测血清MIC-1、chemerin水平,分析血清MIC-1、chemerin水平与NSCLC患者临床病理参数的关系。Kaplan-Meier法分析不同血清MIC-1、chemerin水平NSCLC患者生存时间的差异,COX比例风险回归分析血清MIC-1、chemerin水平与NSCLC患者预后的关系。结果:NSCLC组患者血清MIC-1、chemerin水平高于良性组和对照组(P0.05)。血清MIC-1水平与NSCLC患者年龄、目前吸烟、肿瘤直径、TNM分期、分化程度、复发或转移、生存状态有关(P0.05),chemerin水平与NSCLC患者目前吸烟、TNM分期、复发或转移、生存状态有关(P0.05)。高MIC-1水平患者生存率低于低MIC-1水平患者(P0.05),高chemerin水平患者生存率低于低chemerin水平患者(P0.05)。COX比例风险回归分析结果显示:血清MIC-1、chemerin、TNM分期与NSCLC不良预后独立相关。结论:血清MIC-1、chemerin水平与NSCLC患者部分临床病理参数和预后相关,可作为早期NSCLC患者预后预测的潜在指标。